Today many of us accept yoga as an alternative medicine. But yoga is not a used as a substitute for medical care. Although, it can be of great assistance in the treatment of many conditions,  it is better to consider yoga as a kind of preventive medicine rather than a treatment.

There are numerous health benefits you can get from practicing yoga as we’ve previously seen in our posts such as Nourishing Yoga: Body, Mind and Spirit. Besides the well known effect of boosting the immune system, yoga has proved to provide better concentration, co-ordination and sleep, to lower blood pressure and control cholesterol, improve flexibility and the digestive system. Compared to other forms of exercise, while practicing yoga asanas all the joints of body are used to a full extent and kept mobile, and yoga poses have a tremendous effect on abdominal organs and thoracic organs.

There is also evidences that yoga helps to treat medical conditions like allergies and skin problems, menopause, menstrual cramps, heart problems,  slip disc, knee and hip problems, hypertension, acidity, anemia, depression, obesity, insomnia, Alzheimer disease to name a few.

To be more specific-

• Seated postures are used to treat constipation, diabetes, arthritis, and genital diseases.
• Standing poses are beneficial for improving your posture, strengthening your muscles and opening the hips.
• Balancing poses are great for improving balance and strengthen specific body parts, for example shoulders and back.
• Back bends which shouldn’t be done unsupervised, helps people with back problems, pain or injury, improves spinal flexibility and strengthens the back. It also benefits the abdominal organs, energizes the heart and soul by opening the chest.
• Inverted yoga poses are beneficial for women to normalize their menstruation cycles as corrects the displacement of the fallopian tubes or uterus if any. It also rejuvenates pituitary and thyroid glands and stimulates the nervous centers of your brain. Inverted poses can proven an effective tool in preventing as well as treating varicose veins.
• Forward bends keep your spine strong, release tension and soothe the nervous system.
• Finally, relaxation and restorative poses are also useful when you are sick, stressed or recovering from childbirth.

Some people say they feel worse for up to two weeks after starting practicing yoga. The reason for this is elimination of toxins from your body. After this initial period of body cleansing, the way you feel will considerably improve. The change you’ll feel in terms of health and vitality will be the most fulfilling, you’ll see.

*Image credits: photos by rivieramaya26, Jason Verwey on flickr

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Bhramari
Bhramari is a large bumble bee. This pranayama is named so because of the humming sound you make when exhaling. It has a very calming effect because of the vibration the humming causes and it helps in lengthening the breath.

• Start off in a comfortable seated position- padmasna, sidhasana or Vajrasana
• Close your ears with the balls of your thumbs and cover your eyes with your middle fingers applying a little pressure, elbows straight out. All sound from the outside should be closed off when you press your ears.
• The position of your index fingers is along your eyebrow bone and the other two fingers lightly covering the rest of your eye and just below the eyes.
• Take a deep inhalation.
• Slowly exhale, releasing air through your nose all the while making a humming sound that resonates in your head. You should feel the vibrations.
• Repeat 3-5 times and end with three simple breaths before releasing your ears and uncovering your eyes.

Kapālabhāti Pranayama (Cleansing Breath)
This exercise is known as the cleansing breath as it clears blocked nasal passages. It emphasis on exhalation leaves inhalation up to the natural reflex. It uses only abdominal breathing, that is breathing into the diaphragm. (*This exercises should be approached with caution for people with Blood Pressure as if it is done incorrectly one may feel lightheaded )

• Sitting upright in Vajrasana, place hands on your thighs.
• Gently exhale all of the air from the lungs then take a regular inhalation.
• Exhale through the nose, mouth closed with force rapidly in a short burst (like a sneeze) so your stomach squeezes in.
• Repeat twenty times, keeping a steady rhythm paying attention and emphasizing on the exhalation each time. Let the inhalation happen automatically. You should use your stomach muscles to exhale completely.
• Perform 8 to 12 Kapalabhati inhalations and exhalations for starters. This is one round. Slowly build up the Kapalabhati breaths taken in each round with practice to 30 times or 1 minute and then to 5 mins minutes.
• Repeat for 3 rounds.

Anulom Viloma (Alternate Nostril Breathing)
This Pranayama technique that directs the flow of Prana (life force) between the two sides of the brain and balances the body. It is a simple exercise for beginners that makes you feel balanced, relaxed and calm.

• Sitting in simple crossed leg or any comfortable seated position, fist your index and middle finger of one hand leaving the thumb, ring finger and pinky sticking out.
• Where the bridge bone of the nose ends close one nostril with the thumb. If you closed the right nostril, inhale deeply through the left nostril and count the time of inhalation.
• Closing the other nostril (left in this case) with the middle and pinky finger hold the breath for a few seconds
• Keeping the left side closed, release your thumb and exhale slowly through the right nostril. The exhalation counts should be higher than the inhalation.
• Once you completely exhale, inhale through the same nostril (right)
• Close both nostrils, hold breath and then release through the left side. Repeating this pattern.
• Continue alternating 5 to 10 times.

*Photo credits: photos by lululemon athletica, Bindaas Madhavi on flickr.

Pranayama is the practice of breathing exercises, one of the many parts of yoga. ‘Prana‘ translates into “life force energy” and ‘Yama‘ translates into “control or mastery of”. In other words, Pranyama is used to control, cultivate, and modify the art of breathing and energy balance. Pranayama involves breathing techniques practiced in thousands of different ways.

Most of the Yoga Pranayama exercises consist of 4 parts:
1. Inhalation – Puraka
2. Lungs full retention – Antara Kumbhaka
3. Exhalation – Rechaka
4. Lungs empty retention – Bahya kumbhaka

Many of the breathing techniques in pranayama vary the use of these 4 parts and in the earlier stages of learning the retentions are done lightly.

It is only through proper breathing that oxygen is supplied to the various parts of the body and vital organs. Since Pranayama with regular practice improves your breathing technique, it helps your organs which rely on oxygen function better.

Here’s a Short Guide to Pranayama for Beginners:

Traditionally Pranayama is practiced in the full Lotus Pose (left image). For beginners though this position is not easy to hold and it can make you stiff or uncomfortable. Since the basics of Yoga calls for concentration and to remove all thoughts especially distractions from your mind, it’s best to start your pranayama exercises on a chair, till you learn the lotus position and are completely comfortable holding it for long periods of time (for which you need to do some stretching exercises before taking the seated position).

Choose a nice seat that prompts you to sit upright. Since most seats naturally make you slouch, put a cushion behind your lower back so that your spine curves forward pushing your shoulders back. Allow a little looseness in your posture so that the muscles around the chest and torso have plenty of room to move and expand. Pay attention to your sitting position during the exercises as it’s very easy to start slouching and loose the right posture. Remember there should always be space between the front of the belly and below the navel.

This is the first step to Pranayama. Your Inhalation must be slow and controlled. When inhaling listen to the sound. Keep it smooth and harmonious so that the air enters at a steady rate throughout the inhalation.

Try to inhale deeply but stop when your chest or mind feels any strain. In fact your should try to stop just short of your deepest boundary because of tension or too much pressure. Never forcefully try to deepen your intake. Respect your limits and know when to stop. Your capacity with gradually increase with regular practice.

Antara Kumbhaka means full container. It refers to the part of the breath when the lungs are full of air. It can be done passively or with a positional lock called Jālandhara Bandha. It is done by raising the rib cage up and placing the chin down thereby cutting off the flow of air and energy from the base of the neck.

Introduce the technique after your inhalations have been mastered and harmonized rhythmically. Once the lungs have filled with air cease forcing it in. When the lock is performed the air is trapped and gripped. This causes more pressure as the expansion is decreased by the lock. It sometimes feels as though you are still taking in air.

Antara kumbhaka is essentially holding the breath and allowing time to pass as the lungs change direction. These again like everything in Yoga becomes easier to do with practice.

There is quite an art to exhalation. When exhaling listen to the sound. Like finely tuning a musical instrument the sound is carefully adjusted so that its vibration is perfect throughout exhalation.

If you feel strain at any time during exhalation relax and break the breathing technique. Take easy breaths until you feel relaxed then continue.

Just as in inhalation this process must be slow and controlled. You could even keep count in your head if it helps.

Bahya Kumbaka refers to the time after exhalation and before inhalation. It is the time when the lungs have little or no air. In advanced yoga the lungs are completely emptied but for beginners it is much more fruitful to allow a little air to remain in the lungs.

During Bāhya kumbhaka a lock can be performed called Uddīyana Bandha. In this lock after exhalation the lower abdomen and diaphragm are then drawn upwards in a vacuum. The rib cage is raised creating a little space around the heart.

These 4 parts are the basic of any Pranayama exercise. It’s important to practice each part carefully paying attention to your position of both your outer body and posture and as bizarre as it may sound, your inner organs as well. Be aware of your organs their capacity and if you concentrate and are focused you’ll understand this is possible.

With practice your capacity will increase gradually. You’ll notice your inhalation deepen, your retention will be easier and longer with out the need of any locks and your exhalation will lengthen.

*Photo Credits: photo by odysseyfx on flickr.

There’s a lot of common talk, notions, assumptions and mistaken beliefs about Yoga, keeping people from trying it for the first time. But, just like other myths, a little knowledge on the subject can dispel the misconceptions and clear the air. Here’s a look at some Common Yoga Myths:

#1. Yoga Is A For Physical Exercise Only
This myth stems from the most widespread misconception of Yoga . A major contribution to this image of yoga lies in the fact that most information on the subject is always accompanied by a picture of a person twisting one’s body into an intricate pretzel or doing headstands or balancing acts. Well, it is hard to show the bigger picture of yoga with a photo, which is a school of thought that includes physical, mental and spiritual practices to bring about a complete balance in a person for their well being. The physical aspect of yoga called Asanas (yoga poses) is only 1 step of the 8 Limbs of Yoga. (Read more in: The 8 Steps of Yoga- A Spiritual Quest for Enlightenment). This disciplined path is chosen for the purification of our attachments to the temporary material world of form in search of greater spirituality and truth (which doesn’t mean it can’t be used to get you Madonna like arms and physical workout). This leads to the second misunderstanding about Yoga…

#2. Yoga Is Religious
While yoga plays an integral role in religions like Hinduism and Buddhism, it is not a religion in itself. Yoga is a 5,000 year old practice of meditation and lifestyle of greater consciousness which some may choose as a path to God, which ever they may believe in. In other words, Yoga is a path to spiritual consciousness or away to quiet the mind and connect with one’s inner-self.

#3. Yoga is Best Left to the Young and Fit to Practice.
This again comes from the misunderstanding that yoga is merely physical. When we hear the word Yoga many people have the fixed image of a thin, well toned woman contorting her body in a way we would think fit for Cirque Du Soleil. While yes, yoga requires some flexibility it doesn’t mean if you’re as flexible as a carrot stick you can’t practice yoga. In fact the flexibility comes eventually with the practice of yoga asanas and in the meantime there are hundreds of poses to get you there. Yoga is not competitive nor comparative, which is why you’ll notice the lack of mirrors in a yoga classroom. Each individual is different with different physical limitations. One may find certain yoga poses easier than others, but the most important is achieving proper body alignment in each posture. Poses can always be modified to make them more accessible. The Use of Props in Yoga is a great way of overcoming our physical while getting the best from each pose.

As for age, it plays no part in Yoga. The misconception that younger people are more fit and flexible than older folk is a myth dispelled by yoga teachers themselves. The most famous Yogis and Yoginis are not what you would call young, yet the perform and teach just the same proving older people can have the same level or more dexterity than youth. Yoga in fact is good for the problems that come with age like arthritis, blood pressure it’s what can helps us to age well, battle health issues and improve immunity.

#4. To Practice Yoga You Must Be a ‘Health Freak’ and Turn Vegetarian.
This is just not the case. This notion of Yoga is for “those earthy-crunchy weirdos” or “hippies” couldn’t be more from the truth. Yoga is practiced by millions of people and a huge number aren’t vegan or vegetarians even. Usually the people that turn to Yoga are looking for a healthier lifestyle and a spiritual quest. While vegetarianism is consistent with the non-violence which yoga advocates, many people turn to vegetarianism for the health benefits validated by the mainstream medical community to double it up with the health benefits of practicing yoga. It’s in no way a requirement or even asked of anyone choosing to practice yoga.

#5. Yoga is a Woman’s Activity
Yoga actually originated among men in India about 5,000 years ago. One look at World’s well-known yogis- Patanjali, B.K.S. Iyengar, Baron Baptiste, Bryan Kest should dispel this one. Yes, 72% of Yoga practitioners today are women and that makes it intimidating for a man to join a class, however most men that overcome the initial nerves will vouch that Yoga is a great great way to work out physically as well as bring about a balance in their lives, keeping them centered. After all, not just women look for peace of mind, good health and inner calm. So leave out the gender stereotyping when it comes to yoga.

So, let go of all these notions, assumptions and mistaken beliefs of Yoga holding you back from trying yoga for yourself. Grab a yoga mat and give a class a try! You’ll experience first hand the holistic benefits of yoga.

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* Photo credits: photos by Kelly Loves Whales, domananda, apolaine, milopeng on flickr.

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